In 1944, while Tokyo was under Allied aerial attack, sirens warned citizens to remain indoors as the government blacked out the city. Hisako Koyama, a Tokyo resident then aged 28, used these perilous, dark moments as an opportunity to pursue her passion for astronomical observation. But as this evocatively animated video from TED-Ed explores, it was her meticulous and innovative daylight sketches of the Sun that would ultimately capture the attention of the astronomy world. Melding Koyama’s inspiring biography with the science of sunspots and solar flares, the short is at once a glimpse into the Sun’s somewhat hidden cycles and a celebration of the contributions of citizen scientists.
Meet the citizen scientist who changed how we see the Sun, and science itself

videoCosmology
The Sun – our steady, reliable companion – tells a very different story up close
4 minutes

videoCities
A night-time drive through Tokyo transforms into a dizzying sensory experience
2 minutes

videoEarth science and climate
Magnetic and majestic: visualising the powerful storms hidden from human view
5 minutes

videoAstronomy
Celebrating the rough, the raw and the human in hardcore space science
3 minutes

videoAstronomy
The majestic Earth as seen through the eyes of astronauts orbiting above
6 minutes

videoAstronomy
Let the Sun’s invisible solar winds wash over you in ultra high-definition video
30 minutes

videoHistory of technology
The deadly attraction of working in secret to document early nuclear weapons tests
4 minutes

videoNature and landscape
A massive earthquake will likely strike Japan again soon – here’s how they’re preparing
13 minutes

videoPhysics
Why the golden age of total solar eclipses is already behind us
5 minutes